THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND GOVERNANCE (ESG) FACTORS IN INDUSTRIAL AND RETAIL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT DECISIONS
The real estate industry has recently experienced a significant shift, with Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors emerging as critical considerations in investment decision-making. ESG considerations are increasingly recognized across all sectors of real estate, including industrial and retail properties,…
ASSESSMENT OF THE CHALLENGES IN VALUING SPECIALIZED PROPERTIES IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA
Valuation is the process of determining the financial worth of land and real estate, combining the principles of science, art, and professional judgment (Bello & Kayode, 2020). Specialized properties are unique real estate assets that do not fall within standard…
SERVICE CHARGE ALLOCATION METHODS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MULTI-TENANTED RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN SOUTH-EAST NIGERIA
The concept of service charge in Nigeria has evolved alongside changes in housing development patterns, transitioning from basic shelter provision to more sophisticated multi-tenanted residential properties. Service charge, often referred to as the "service maintenance charge," is a mandatory fee…
HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION OF SOILS AND ASSOCIATED ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA
This study investigates heavy metal contamination in soils across multiple landuse types in Kano State, Nigeria, including industrial sites, urban residential zones, municipal dumpsites, and agricultural lands irrigated with wastewater. Heavy metals of concern — lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium…