Breast self-examination (BSE) is a critical preventive measure for early detection of breast abnormalities, including cancer, yet its practice remains low among women in developing countries like Nigeria. Despite various educational campaigns by government and non-governmental organizations, gaps in knowledge, self-efficacy, and appropriate dissemination strategies persist. This study examined the comparative effectiveness of conventional and electronic health education on women’s perceived self-efficacy and practice of BSE in Oyo State. Using a quasi-experimental design, adult women were exposed to either conventional (face-to-face) or electronic (digital) educational interventions. Findings indicated that both methods improved knowledge and practice of BSE, but electronic health education demonstrated a greater impact on perceived self-efficacy and consistent practice. The study underscores the importance of adopting effective educational strategies tailored to target populations to enhance preventive health behaviors and support early detection of breast-related diseases.