This study evaluates the clinical efficacy of ambroxol hydrochloride in treating infantile secretory otitis media (SOM). Ninety-two infants diagnosed with SOM were randomly divided into an experimental group receiving conventional treatment plus ambroxol hydrochloride, and a control group receiving routine care alone. Treatment effectiveness, inflammatory markers (SIL-2R and IL-8), pure tone threshold air-bone gap, tympanic pressure, and adverse reactions were compared. The experimental group demonstrated a significantly higher treatment effectiveness rate (P<0.05), increased SIL-2R and IL-8 levels (P<0.05), reduced air-bone gap (P<0.05), improved tympanic pressure (P<0.05), and lower incidence of adverse reactions (P<0.05) compared to controls. These results indicate that ambroxol hydrochloride enhances clinical outcomes and safety in infant SOM treatment, supporting its valuable application in clinical nursing.