This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between maternal hemoglobin concentration and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among 100 pregnant women, including 50 diagnosed with GDM and 50 without. Demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed. Significant differences were observed between the two groups in parity, occupation, education, age, weight, gravidity, and body mass index (BMI). However, no significant difference was found in neonatal birth weight. Notably, maternal hemoglobin concentration during pregnancy was not significantly associated with the presence of GDM. These findings indicate that hemoglobin levels may not serve as a reliable predictor of gestational diabetes. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to elucidate this relationship more comprehensively.