Under the framework of the “Belt and Road” initiative, China has increasingly promoted the exchange of textile and garment culture with other countries, emphasizing both material and cultural dimensions. National dress, rooted in longstanding social and folk traditions, serves as a vital medium for transmitting local cultural values and enriching both the material and spiritual life of people. The translation of costume culture plays a key role in this cross-cultural exchange, facilitating a deeper understanding of social customs, civilization, and national identity. Hanfu culture, as a representative element of Chinese national dress, embodies unique cultural symbols and reflects the historical and social context of Chinese civilization. This study explores strategies for translating Hanfu culture into English from the perspective of cultural communication, highlighting its significance in promoting cultural awareness, fostering international understanding, and enhancing the global dissemination of China’s traditional textile heritage. The findings underscore the need for culturally sensitive translation approaches that balance linguistic accuracy with the preservation of cultural meaning, offering practical guidance for scholars, translators, and cultural practitioners engaged in intercultural communication