Staff members represent the human capital available to managers for fulfilling the needed productivity outputs of the work unit. Managers need to consciously seek to understand what best motivates each staff member to maximize productivity for the work unit and help the staff member to realize her/his potential. The following theories of motivation are reviewed to provide managers with general insights for ideas to motivate staff members: Hawthorne Effect Theory, Expectancy Theory, Self-Efficacy Theory, Goal Setting Theory, and Reinforcement Theory.