The study was on ‘evaluation of the relationship between hospitals infection control practices and patients surgical outcome in private hospitals in south-south Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: Evaluates how hospitals infection control practices affect patients’ surgical outcome in private hospitals in South-South Nigeria. The population of the study was seven hundred and one (701) staff of nine selected hospitals in South-South Nigeria. The sample size used was the same as the population size and out of the 701copies of the questionnaire distributed, 668 (that is, 95 percent) were returned. A descriptive research design was adopted for the study. Instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire. The data collected were analysed using the Z-Test computed with SPSS version 20. The result indicated that Hospitals infection control practices positively influenced patients’ surgical outcome in private hospitals in the South-South Nigeria as reported in the probability value of Z( 95, n=701)= 5.154 ;p<0.05, the study also revealed that performance management practices do have positive effect on staff turnover in private hospitals in South-South Nigeria as reported in the probability value of Z( 95, n=701)= 5.154 ;p<0.05.The study recommended that Private hospitals should continuously and consistently improve infection control through proper waste disposal, hand washing and other infection control practices, also introduction of well-structured appraisal system in the private hospitals in the South-South Nigeria is very important and therefore recommended