This study examined counter insurgency in West Africa: an assessment of African peace and security architecture from 2011 to 2020. The theoretical framework used in this study is Conflict Transformation Theory. The study presented the following hypotheses which are; The structure of the African peace and Security Architecture has a relationship with its effectiveness to counterinsurgency in West Africa 2011-2020. The method of data collection used is documentary. Qualitative descriptive methods based on content analysis was used as a method of data analysis. The study argued that the APSA structural challenges which has over the years not only hindered its progress but also affected the counter insurgency operations of the MNJTF. Finally the study recommends that the structure of the APSA be reviewed in a way that ensures effective and easy way to carry out its goals. Funding should be solved by making sure the mandatory payment from the countries in the organization are made and also sourcing for voluntary contributions.