Road traffic accidents have increasingly become a major global public safety and public health concern, attracting the attention of governments, international organizations, and researchers. Worldwide, road crashes are among the leading causes of death and injury, imposing severe social, economic, and psychological burdens on individuals and societies. According to global estimates, approximately 1.3 million people lose their lives annually due to road traffic accidents, while millions more suffer injuries that often result in long-term disability and reduced quality of life. Beyond the human cost, road accidents also create significant economic losses, with countries losing between 1–3% of their gross domestic product each year due to crash-related expenses, healthcare costs, and productivity losses. These realities highlight the need to address road safety as not only a transportation issue but also a critical public health and occupational safety challenge. Work-related road accidents represent a substantial proportion of overall traffic incidents, particularly within the transport sector where employees frequently operate vehicles as part of their professional responsibilities. In this context, organizational factors such as safety climate and performance management practices play an important role in shaping employee behavior and safety outcomes. Safety climate reflects employees’ shared perceptions regarding the priority given to safety within an organization, including management commitment, safety communication, and adherence to safety procedures. A positive safety climate can encourage responsible driving behaviors, adherence to safety regulations, and proactive risk management among employees. Similarly, effective performance management systems can support road safety by establishing clear safety standards, monitoring driver performance, providing feedback, and reinforcing safe practices. When organizations integrate safety objectives into their performance management frameworks, employees are more likely to recognize the importance of safe driving and compliance with safety policies. Consequently, the alignment of safety climate and performance management strategies can contribute to the reduction of work-related road accidents and improve overall transportation safety. This study explores the role of safety climate and performance management in enhancing road safety within the transport sector. By examining how organizational practices influence driver behavior and safety outcomes, the research aims to provide insights into the mechanisms through which workplace safety culture and structured performance evaluation systems can reduce accident risks. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of more effective road safety strategies, emphasizing the importance of organizational commitment, structured safety policies, and proactive management approaches in promoting safer transportation environments.