The rise of non-standard work arrangements (NSWA) is transforming the traditional industrial relations landscape in Nigeria. NSWA, which includes contract, casual, temporary, and part-time employment, is increasingly used by employers as a strategic response to global competition and organizational survival pressures. This shift challenges the conventional model of full-time permanent employment and has significant implications for workers’ rights, union participation, and job security. Studies indicate that in some Nigerian organizations, up to 50% of the workforce comprises non-standard employees, highlighting the prevalence of this employment strategy. While NSWA may offer cost advantages and operational flexibility for employers, it often exposes workers to precarious conditions, limited social protection, and restricted bargaining power. This study examines the prevalence of NSWA in Nigeria and its impact on the protection and enforcement of workers’ rights within the industrial sector, providing insights into policy and organizational practices needed to balance labor flexibility with employee welfare.