This study examined small scale business operators’ risk-taking and pro-activeness: An imperative approach to Sustainable Nigeria Economic Development in Federal Universities in South-South, Nigeria. To achieved the purpose of the study two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A survey research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised of 825 Small Scale Business Operators in Federal Universities in South – South Nigeria. The sample used in the study was 425 selected small scale business operators from the study area. A researcher-made four points rating scale questionnaire titled “Small Scale Business Operators’ Risk-taking and Pro-activeness: An imperative approach to Sustainable Nigeria Economic Development Questionnaire” (SSBORTPIASNEDQ) was used for data collection. The instrument was face and content validated by three research experts. A reliability estimate ranging from .81 to .86 was achieved for the instrument using Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient after a pilot test.  The data were analyzed using simple linear regression statistical tool. All the hypotheses were tested at .05 level of significance. The results of the analysis revealed that risk-taking and pro-activeness among small scale business operators significantly influence Sustainability of Nigeria Economic Development in Federal Universities in South-South, Nigeria. Based on the finding of the study it was recommended among others that; small scale business operators in Nigeria Universities should rebrand their small scale businesses to ensure sustainability