Burnout is an increasingly important public health problem among nurses globally. It is not clear whether burnout has significant impact on the nurses' health, the quality and costs of health care. This study assesses the impact of burnout on nursing productivity in acute care settings in University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. The objectives of the study was to assess the prevalence of burnout among nurses working in acute care settings in UCH, determine the factors that predispose nurses to burnout and determine perceived effects of burnout on nursing productivity in acute care areas. A cross-sectional descriptive design was used. A total population of 50 nurses working in acute care settings who met the inclusion criteria was used for the study. A standardized questionnaire (Maschlac burnout inventory and nurses work index measurement tool) was adapted for data collection. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis and hypotheses were tested with the use of chi-square at a 5% level of significance. Findings revealed that majority (98%) of nurses had experienced burnout. Nurses’ responses to the three domains of burnout dimension revealed emotional exhaustion with mean score of 7±4.7, personal accomplishment 8 ± 8, and depersonalization domain 10±13. The key factors that predispose nurses to burnout include high standard of nursing care expected by the administration with mean score of 1.9 ± 9.6 and lack of opportunity for nurses to participate in policy decisions with mean score of 1.80± .92, irregular promotion at work 1.22 ±58. The association of number of years of clinical experience and level of burnout among nurses failed to be statistically significant (p > 0.05). It was recommended that the hospital management should recruit more staff nurses to ensure appropriate coverage and give adequate remuneration to the nurses working in acute care settings.