The integration of sports science into athletic development is increasingly recognized as essential for optimizing performance, minimizing injury risk, and enhancing recovery. This study examines the role of evidence-based sports science approaches in advancing athletic performance in Morocco, a country renowned for middle- and long-distance running success. While Moroccan athletes have achieved international recognition, much of this success has historically relied on individual talent and traditional coaching methods rather than systematic, scientific training. Sports science applies interdisciplinary knowledge from physiology, biomechanics, psychology, and nutrition to support athletes in achieving peak performance. In countries with advanced sports infrastructures, evidence-based training models are standard, but Morocco is still in the process of adopting such approaches within its athletic systems. Integrating modern, research-supported methodologies offers opportunities to enhance training efficiency, promote athlete longevity, and improve competitiveness on the global stage. This study highlights the current state of sports science application in Moroccan athletics and emphasizes the need for structured programs, scientific monitoring, and performance analytics to complement traditional coaching practices. By fostering evidence-based interventions, Morocco can build on its rich athletic heritage while preparing athletes to succeed in increasingly competitive international environments.