Assessment Of Heavy Metals Accumulation In Fish, Sediments And Water From Yauri River, Kebbi State, Nigeria
Osesua Benjamin Anthony
Department of Remedial Studies, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State
Abubakar Hauwa’u Manga
Department of Science Technology, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State.
Abubakar Umar
Department of Science Technology, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State.
Ramatu Lawal Yusuf
Department of Science Technology, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State.
Aliyu Adamu Kalgo
Department of Remedial Studies, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State
Keywords: chromium, anthropogenic, agricultural, pollutants, season
Abstract
The study of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) in fish, sediment and water was carried out in the Yauri River for four seasons. Five (5) sampling stations were selected based on differences in anthropogenic, agricultural, domestic and mining activities. Metals were extracted from the samples using laid down protocols and quantitatively analysed using AAS. Results obtained revealed that metals concentration in water decreased in the following order, in µg/L; Pb (0.077±0.008) > Cu (0.055±0.012) > Fe (0.055±0.010) > Cr (0.055±0.008) > Cd (0.048±0.007) > Mn (0.012±0.004) > Zn (0.009±0.003). In the sediment samples metal concentrations were detected in the following order, in µg/g; Fe (0.235±0.007) > Cd (0.198±0.018) > Cu (0.176±0.011) Cr (0.172±0.071) > Mn 0.099±0.006) > Pb (0.084±0.007) > Zn (0.038±0.009). Concentration of metals in fish samples occurred in the following order, in µg/g; Fe (0.086±0.012) > Cd (0.077±0.006) > Cr (0.057±0.010) > Cu (0.049±0.005) > Pb (0.0048±0.013) > Mn (0.038±0.011) > Zn (0.038±0.004). Results obtained also demonstrated seasonal variation in metals concentration in all the samples. Higher levels of metals were detected in the dry season than in the rainy season. Metals concentration in the samples were in the order; sediment > fish > water. In exception of Cd, Cr and Pb in water and fish samples all other metals are detected within the maximum permissible levels stipulated by WHO, FAO and USFDA